浅谈自然科学博物馆的科普教育功能和发展对策   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曾剑奇  蔡让平 《湖南地质》2003,(2)

阐述了自然科学博物馆的现状、存在的问题、面临的困境及应有的功能，并以湖南省地质博物馆为例，剖析了博物馆生存危机的深层次原因。自然科学博物馆的发展，一方面应立足于自然科学博物馆的科普教育功能，充分发掘其科学文化内涵，另一方面应通过引进联展、提高人员素质、改变管理模式等方式来促进博物馆的可持续发展。  相似文献   

‘Bringing government to the people’: women, local governance and community participation in South Africa     

Cheryl McEwan 《Geoforum》2003,34(4):469-481

This paper considers the ongoing political transformations in South Africa in the context of debates about good governance and participatory democracy. It first appraises the current transformations of local government in South Africa, focusing specifically on relationships between gender equality and citizenship on the one hand, and local government policy, legislation, and community participation on the other, and then explores meanings of participation and how they inform approaches towards local socio-economic development. The findings of primary research conducted with civil society organisations and black women in communities in the Cape Town metropolitan area are explored through three interrelated themes. First, the model of structured participation that is central to South Africa’s democratic transformation is assessed from the perspective of black women. Second, cultures of alienation, both within local governance structures and amongst black women and the extent to which recent restructuring is combating or contributing to these are explored. Third, how participation policies are dealing with conflict within and between target groups are analysed, whether stakeholder group politics obliterate important differences in interests and whether alternative structures might be more effective in terms of women’s participation and empowerment. Finally, the findings are interpreted in relation to theoretical concepts of good governance and participatory democracy, and the potential and problems of realising South Africa’s transformation process toward developmental local government are assessed.  相似文献   

中国西部退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化的区域性气候效应   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

SHI Weilai  WANG Hanjie 《大气科学进展》2003,20(1):45-54

中国正在实施的西部大开发必将导致较大规模的土地利用和地表覆盖(LULC)变化,其中最重要的两类LULC变化是退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化工程。利用最新的全球地表特征资料数据库(GLCCD)识别以上两项生态建设工程的实施规模与范围,并以此更新了目前比较流行的区域气候模式的下边界条件,利用修正了的区域气候模式研究上述大规模LULC变化可能对中国区域性气候造成的影响。使用的卫星资源数据库是由美国地质测绘局(USGS)和Nebraska-Lincoln大学牵头,根据NOAA卫星的AVHRR资料、USGS掌握的高分辨率数字化地图,以及生态区划和植被分布等资料组建的。  相似文献   

Replacing carbon lost from forests: an assessment of insurance, reserves, and expiring credits     

Susan Subak 《Climate Policy》2003,3(2):107-122

Concern over the “non-permanence” or reversibility of carbon sequestration projects has been prominent in discussions over how to develop guidelines for forest project investments under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol. Accordingly, a number of approaches have been proposed that aim to help ensure that parties do not receive credit for carbon that is lost before project obligations are fulfilled. These approaches include forest carbon insurance, land reserves, and issuance of expiring credits. The potential costs of each of these different approaches are evaluated using a range of assumptions about project length, risk and discount rate, and a comparison of costs is ventured based on the estimated reduction in value of these credits compared with uninsured, and permanent credits. Obstacles to participation in the different approaches are discussed related to problems of long-term commitments, project scale, rising replacement costs, and low credit value. It is concluded that a system of expiring credits, which could be coupled with insurance or reserves, could guarantee obligations that span time-scales longer than that of conventional insurance policies while maintaining incentives for long-term sequestration.  相似文献   

发展互花米草开发华南热带海滩   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

曹洪麟  陈树培 《热带地理》1997,17(1):41-46

互花米草是禾本科多年生高秆型草本植物，原产北美洲大西洋海岸，７０年代末引入我国，本文在大量试验基础上，对互花米草在华南热带海滩的生长适应性，生物量和收获量及其在促淤造陆，改良土壤等方面作了论述，并对互花米草的抗污染作用和作为饲料，饵料等的经济作用也进行了定量分析，认为互花米草在华南热带海滩具有广阔的开发应用前景。  相似文献   

地区发展水平衡量指标体系设计及实例分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱振国  吴楚材 《热带地理》1997,17(3):225-232

选定地区发展水平衡量指标，测度区域社会，经济，文化发展水平或发育程度是一项有重要的工作，本文试图为量度我国西部地区发展水平提供一套昼完整的指标体系，并对一个具体实例进行衡量和计算，由此说明地区的区内发展程度的差异，划分区域发展的不同类型。  相似文献   

黔西南高原区峰丛洼地的形态特征与发育规律   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蒋忠信 《热带地理》1997,17(3):267-274

本文通过对黔西南坡岗地区峰丛洼地形态参数的统计和趋势面分析，论证了高原区峰丛洼地的形态特征与发育，探讨了高原区暗河纵剖面形态和喀斯特地貌演化的规律。  相似文献   

市场经济导向下肇庆地区土地资源合理开发利用     

李斌 《热带地理》1997,17(4):327-333

市场经济的基本模式，是以效率为特色，兼顾市场，政府和社会作用“三位一体”的模式，本文从这一角度出发，分析了肇庆地区在市场经济导向下，尤其在珠江三角洲市场的作用下区域土地资源的开发利用优势，在此基础上探讨了区域土地资源的开发利用原则，方向与途径，并提出相应的实施措施。  相似文献   

车田湾地热田地质地球物理特征及开发前景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜胜华  宋先旺 《矿产与地质》1997,11(4):283-286

车田湾地热田属低温地热资源。热泉分布受ＳＮ向压扭性深大断裂（Ｆ２）与近ＥＷ向张性断裂的复合控制，其断层破碎带为硅化脉充填，表现为高阻地电特征。应用电测深法可以确定其断层破碎带产出位置和延伸方向。用钾镁地热温标计算热田地表温度，用钾钠地热温标计算热田深部温度。根据温度随深度而递增的规律，应用温度－深度曲线方法推算地下某深度的水温，从而可合理开发利用地热资源。  相似文献   

宁夏盐池县土地沙质荒漠化的发展趋势及其防治   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

曲志正  王峰 《中国沙漠》1997,17(2):173-179

宁夏盐池县是我国北方农牧交错带沙质荒漠化强烈发展的地区之一。通过分析该区土地沙质荒漠化的发展趋势及其成因，认为该区土地沙质荒漠化有日趋扩大、日益严重的发展趋势；在潜在自然因素的基础上，人为因素是造成该区土地沙质荒漠化的主要因素。针对该区土地沙质荒漠化的发展趋势及其成因，结合沙质荒漠化土地的农林牧综合开发，提出了防治土地沙质荒漠化的目标、实施步骤及基本对策。  相似文献